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The primary function of SonarCloud in a software development process is to analyze code quality and detect issues. SonarCloud serves as a Continuous Inspection platform that helps teams manage code quality by providing insights into technical debt, security vulnerabilities, code smells, and maintainability. This tool integrates seamlessly into CI/CD pipelines, allowing developers to identify and fix issues early in the development cycle, ultimately leading to cleaner and more reliable codebases.

By conducting static code analysis, SonarCloud offers detailed reports and visualizations of code quality metrics, which help in enforcing coding standards and improving overall software practices. This capability is crucial for organizations aiming to enhance collaboration among developers and maintain high-quality software releases.

The other options, while related to different facets of the software development lifecycle, do not encapsulate the primary purpose of SonarCloud. Automating deployment processes pertains to tools and practices that manage application delivery, hosting virtual machines relates to infrastructure management, and storing build artifacts involves keeping compiled software packages for future deployment or reference. None of these functionalities align with the core objective of SonarCloud, which focuses uniquely on code quality analysis.